All systems can be understood using an input-process-output (IPO) model, and the system we call “innovation” is no exception. This model is likely familiar to you from information technology ...

The model is a nonlinear version of the well-known linear input-output model of Leontief. Conditions are given for the nonlinear model to be workable in the sense that (i) there is a unique ...

Input tokens range from $0.07 to $0.55 depending on caching and time of day, while output ranges from $1.10 to $2.19. Discounted rates during off-peak hours bring prices down even further, to as ...

For prompts up to 200,000 tokens, Gemini 2.5 Pro costs $1.25 per million input tokens (roughly 750,000 words, longer than the entire “Lord of The Rings” series) and $10 per million output tokens.

Even more striking, the o3-mini model costs just $1.10 per million input tokens and $4.40 per million output tokens, making it cheaper than even GPT-4o while providing much stronger performance on ...

Input tokens are tokens fed into the model, while output tokens are tokens that the model generates based on the input tokens. A million input tokens is equivalent to about 750,000 words, a bit ...

Adaptive Speech Rate Conversion without Extension of Input Data Duration, Using Speech Interval Detection Patent No. 6236970 (US), 3220043 (JP) , No. 317600(NO), No. ZL98800566.2(CN), No. 2258908 ...