The many similarities between the ladder diagrams used to program PLCs and the relay ladder logic formerly used to control industrial systems eased the transition from hardwired relay systems to ...

On the surface, a programmable logic controller (PLC ... The IDE itself supports programming ladder diagrams, functional block diagrams, and other programming systems covered under the IEC ...

To wit, meet Primo: a physical programming interface that teaches children programming logic while they control the movements of an Arduino-powered robot. All of Primo’s electronics are ...

and logic operations were performed between 0 and 1 V to prevent accidental de-programming of the circuits. The circuits successfully performed the sum-of-product operation at 2.8 kHz. The full ...