This energy converts to heat through friction on the vortex tube walls. The inner (chilled ... Overall, the study confirmed that the non-freeze VT performs efficiently at cryogenic temperatures, with ...

Cryogenic electron microscopy has become an essential tool for structure determination of biological macromolecules. In practice, the difficulty to reliably prepare samples with uniform ice thickness ...

Lamella micromachining by focused ion beam milling at cryogenic temperature (cryo-FIB) has matured into a preparation method widely used for cellular cryo-electron tomography. Due to the limited ...