A probability density function (PDF) describes the likelihood of different outcomes for a continuous random variable.

We propose a method for reconstructing a probability density function (pdf) from a sample of an n-dimensional probability distribution. The method works by iteratively applying some simple ...

In this paper, we propose a functional linear regression model in the space of probability density functions. We treat a cross-sectional distribution of individual earnings as an infinite dimensional ...

Building on the widely-used double-lognormal approach by Bahra (1997), this paper presents a multi-lognormal approach with restrictions to extract risk-neutral probability density functions (RNPs) for ...

Option prices can be used to extract the implied risk-neutral density functions of the future underlying asset prices and returns. These market expectations provide valuable information that can be ...