This article presents a novel deep convolutional encoder–decoder framework called NL-CoWNet for speckle elimination in OCT images. This despeckling architecture consists of an encoder network having ...

The transformer architecture has emerged as the predominant framework for deep learning, playing a pivotal role in the remarkable achievements of large language models like ChatGPT. Despite its ...

In our investigation, we introduced a hybrid model architecture ... the encoder and decoder, our hybrid framework integrates fusion and skip connections. The fusion connections facilitate the ...

First, we will describe the backbone of our architecture, i.e., the encoder part and the blocks used within, and then we will discuss the design considerations for our attention module. Finally, we ...