Below given is Relay Driver Circuit to build your own Relay module: Circuit Diagram and Working: In this Arduino Relay Control Circuit we have used Arduino to control the relay via a BC547 transistor.

On the rising edge of the first clock pulse input at Pin 14 (CLK), Q0 goes Low and Q1 (Pin 2) goes High (Relay ON). On the rising edge of the second clock pulse, Q1 goes Low and Q2 (Pin 4) goes High.

Circuit Diagram of Interfacing Single Channel Relay with Arduino UNO. Below is the circuit diagram to control AC appliances using Arduino ... Example code of Arduino interfacing with single channel ...

Circuit Diagram: Relay module: Connect the IN pin of the relay to a GPIO pin (e.g., D1 or GPIO5). ESP8266 or ESP32: Make sure the relay module's VCC and GND are properly connected to the board.

Now upload the code to Arduino and connect the components as described in the circuit diagram. Then connect the AC wire with the common pin of the relay module to control the lights and fans. Fig. 6: ...

Fig. 3: Circuit diagram of the voice-controlled home automation system. Bluetooth module HC-05 transmits and also receives data serially via Board1 that can be read by the microcontroller (MCU). A ...