It sup-ports various modulation levels such as BPSK, QPSK, 16 QAM and 64 QAM. This soft-bit information can be subsequently used during ECC decoding process by a soft-input ECC decoder such as Viterbi ...

When Susan had breast cancer, we heard a lot of lame remarks, but our favorite came from one of Susan’s colleagues. She wanted, she needed, to visit Susan after the surgery, but Susan didn’t ...

Do you race to the pantry when you feel down or otherwise upset? You’re not alone. It’s common for people to turn to food for comfort as a way to cope with big, difficult feelings. When you ...

Speaking about modulation, in simple terms, it's the method used to impose the message signal on a carrier signal, which is then transmitted by antenna or wire. And demodulation is ... In the above ...

Abstract: In this letter, a simple method for modulation and demodulation of minimum shift keying (MSK) is proposed. It has a serial structure, and is easier to implement than the conventional ...

Abstract: We theoretically investigate the performance limitations of subcarrier multiplexed (SCM) wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) systems using optical double-sideband (DSB) modulated, ...