Open-loop heating. Open-loop heating uses manual manipulation to regulate temperature. There is very limited feedback or control features for temperature control. Open-loop heating regulation is ...

There are four primary types of motor control methods for induction motors connected to VFDs: V/f (volts-per-hertz), V/f with encoder, open-loop vector, and closed-loop vector.

New Control Method Boosts Multiphase Bandwidth. ... Common design practices limit the open-loop bandwidth of the control system to 10% to 20% of the fundamental per-phase switching frequency.