Hidden Markov Model (HMM): A model for sequential data where the system is assumed to follow a Markov process with hidden states producing observed outcomes. EM Algorithm: ...

C. Bracken, B. Rajagopalan, & E. Zagona (2014). “A Hidden Markov Model Combined with Climate Indices for Multi-decadal Streamflow Simulation,” Water Resources Research, 50, 7836-7846. Abstract: ...

This paper proposes a hidden state Markov model (HMM) that incorporates workers’ unobserved labor market attachment into the analysis of labor market dynamics. Unlike previous literature, which ...