Statistical mechanics is one of the pillars of modern physics. Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906) and Josiah Willard Gibbs ...

Variance is a statistical measurement of how large of ... Visually, the larger the variance, the "fatter" a probability distribution will be. In finance, if something like an investment has ...

The IMF has released an update to global statistical standards to reflect economic changes that have taken place in the global economy since 2009, such as increasing economic interconnectedness, ...

Abstract: Modern genetic programming (GP) operates within the statistical machine learning (SML) framework. In this framework, evolution needs to balance between approximation of an unknown target ...

In this work, we derive two closed-form asymptotic expressions for the multivariate cumulative distribution function (CDF) of L correlated lognormal RVs. Among these two asymptotic expressions, one ...

ABSTRACT: Ordinal outcome neural networks represent an innovative and robust methodology for analyzing high-dimensional health data characterized by ordinal outcomes. This study offers a comparative ...

ABSTRACT: The solutions of the Vlasov-Einstein equations for a system of gravitating particles, for which initial conditions with a high degree of symmetry take place, have a form close to the De ...

The number of arguments a function takes. From words like unary, binary, ternary, etc. A closure is a scope which captures local variables of a function for access even after the execution has moved ...

In functional programming, everything is a function. Functional programming tries to keep data and behavior separate, and OOP brings those concepts together. “Functional programming [is] a paradigm ...