Also: Risc Zero’s ‘Boundless’ Incentivized Testnet, A New Bitcoin Proposal, and The First DePIN Powered Credit Card.

2017 was the year crypto boomed. In 2018 it crashed. 2019 will be a year of recovery, where mid-layer protocols define new value.

Waves founder Sasha Ivanov is gearing up for what he believes to be the “end game for layer-2 scalability” as he pushes through with a new blockchain protocol called Units. At the Future ...

SAVING THE OZONE: It might not seem so long ago that the discovery of the hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica had us in a frenzy over CFCs in hairsprays and insecticides. In fact, on September ...

Solayer (LAYER) introduces a restaking model that extends SOL staking beyond core validators, enhancing security, decentralization, and staking efficiency within the Solana ecosystem.

The Montreal Protocol is an international agreement designed to phase out the production and consumption of chemicals that deplete the ozone layer. Signed in 1987 and put into effect in 1989, the ...

Bitcoin isn't just a tech innovation — it's the foundation of a new global protocol, says Jeff Booth, who believes it's "an order of magnitude bigger than the internet." ...

TLS’s predecessor, secure socket layer (SSL) was developed by Netscape in 1995. SSL version 1.0 and 2.0 contained many security flaws that prompted a complete redesign of the protocol.

The Internet Protocol layer is comparable to layer 3 in the OSI model. The host-to-host layer is equivalent to OSI layer 4. These are the TCP and UDP (user datagram protocol) functions.

Ethereum's layer-2 teams are butting heads once again. This time, major figures in the space are condemning Matter Labs, the creator of zkSync, over its decision to trademark the acronym "ZK ...