By using dual bipolar devices in one case, the manufacturer nearly perfectly matches the two devices. Although this Design Idea describes a positive power supply, you can realize a similar ...

Figure 1 shows the relevant part of the circuit for monitoring the negative rail. The circuit monitoring the positive rail replaces npn with pnp devices. Best results are obtained using inexpensive ...

In this lesson, students build two circuits and explore how transistors function. When Bell Labs introduced the transistor in June of 1948, a spokesman proudly announced "This cylindrical object ...

First Transistor Using Nanotechnology Is 50 Times More Energy Efficient Than Current Models. ScienceDaily . Retrieved June 4, 2025 from www.sciencedaily.com / releases / 2008 / 04 / 080424212327.htm ...

Current sensing remains a challenge and while most engineers use DCR current sensing it is notoriously inaccurate. ... DCR current sensing circuit: In Figure 1, ... (commonly a forward-biased PNP base ...

2. High-side sensing is the more commonly used approach, despite the fact that it brings new issues of common-mode voltage. The solution is to use high-side sensing, with the resistor instead ...

Efficiency is most often mentioned as the key reason to use MOSFET current sensing. Articles have been published even describing it as “lossless”(4)(5). It is useful to closely examine the ...

Like many hackers, [Matthias Wandel] has a penchant for measuring the world around him, and quantifying the goings-on in his home is a bit of a hobby. And so when it came time to sense the current … ...