As quantum computing hardware advances, the demand for scalable, precise, and fully automated verification techniques for ...

However, the finite-time convergence analysis of the actor-critic algorithm remains to be explored. The main challenges lie in the nonconvexity of parameterized policies, the coupling of the updates ...

Abstract: Dynamic optimization problems in chemical engineering are often described by complex differential equations, In general, Due to the complexity of the model established in practice, it is not ...

The predictive model also incorporates an improved fruit fly optimization algorithm (IFOA) in conjunction with support ... In addition, the model addresses issues such as premature convergence and ...