In the past, experts developed calculating machines that worked with three digits, a ternary system, that they hoped would ...

Leibniz pointed out in 1703 that to do simple arithmetic in binary, such as addition and multiplication, you don’t need to memorize such rules as 5 + 4 = 9, or 6 × 7 = 42. Instead, you need ...

Binary arithmetic, the basis of all virtually digital computation today, is usually said to have been invented at the start of the eighteenth century by the German mathematician Gottfried Leibniz ...