Two major functions for cyclic electron flow are presumed. (i) ATP synthesis: The stoichiometry of proton pumping and ATP synthesis have long been debated; however, a consensus has now emerged that ...

The results showed that in the electron flow from P700* (excited P700) to ferredoxin (Fd), electron carriers A0, A1, FX, FA/FB are present, and when P700?(oxidized P700) accumulates, a charge ...

Evidence that cyanobacterial Sll1217 functions analogously to PGRL1 in enhancing PGR5-dependent cyclic electron flow. Nature Communications , 2019; 10 (1) DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13223-0 Cite This ...

The charging energy (EC) is the energy required to add an extra electron to the nanostructure. It is given by EC = e 2 / (2C), where e is the elementary charge and C is the capacitance of the ...

The operation of the linear-induction accelerators HELIA and Hermes III was studied in both negative and positive polarities. The experiments in positive polarity have provided a unique opportunity to ...

Cyclic electron flow is increasingly recognized as being essential in plant growth, generating a pH gradient across thylakoid membrane (ΔpH) that contributes to ATP synthesis and triggers the ...