[3] Predictive Processing (Predictive Coding) Theories Predictive processing ... our brain’s best guesses as to what is causing its sensory inputs. Enclosed within the skull, the brain must ...

Those hypotheses—and not the sensory inputs themselves ... One popular model, called predictive coding, argues for a hierarchy of information processing levels in the brain.

The sprawling network of the visual cortex reigned supreme in the field of sensory processing, contributing significantly to our understanding of sensory perception. In contrast, the study of ...

Thus, rather than being explained away prediction errors remain in fact accessible at final processing stages forming perception. Previous theories of predictive coding need therefore to be revised.

consistent with predictive coding theory. Moreover, unexpected odors activated not only the olfactory brain regions but also the visual cortex, indicating a cross-modal engagement in processing ...