(1) Central dysregulation, frequently associated with basal ganglia diseases, i.e., iPD; (2) Loss of muscle tension input to the polysynaptic reflex arch, while the reflex arch is functionally intact ...

These revealed hyper-excitability of a forelimb H-reflex and of polysynaptic spinal reflexes in rats with bilateral pyramidotomies. To measure a proprioceptive Hoffman (H) reflex (Toda et al., 2014) ...

The latency of this polysynaptic spinal reflex hence provides a reliable index of neuropathy of the external anal sphincter. This was studied in 38 asymptomatic control subjects and 20 women with ...