A new Radio World ebook explores “The Software-Based Air Chain.” This is an excerpt. Nielsen’s Audio Software Encoder decouples the company’s PPM encoding algorithm from the hardware encoder and ...

Arbitron built the encoders, which resided in the station’s audio chain. The encoder looked at the audio and, if there was sufficient audio, generated the tones that the PPM device heard. Processing ...

The firmware is supplied on a Smart Media Card or USB Flash drive, depending on what type of PPM encoder a station has.