Transistors are inevitable parts of Electronic circuits. The success of a circuit design lies in ... 100mA – 98mA = 2 mA The condition is just reversed in the case of a PNP transistor as shown in ...

[Ben Krasnow] put together a tutorial in which he does an excellent job of explaining the ins and outs of designing transistor control circuits ... between NPN and PNP transistors, and the ...

In the early days, PNP bipolar transistors were common, but the bulk of circuits you see today use NPN transistors. As [Aaron Danner] points out, many people think PNP transistors are “backward ...