Measuring average velocities in channels with surfaces open to atmosphere has been challenging. A new method using open-flow channel equations could help.

Furthermore, contemporary research has addressed the velocity-dip phenomenon—a characteristic feature in turbulent open channel flow—by applying the entropy maximisation technique.

THE general formula devised by Messrs. Ganguillet and Kutter for caculating the flow of water in both large and small channels, under varied conditions, was brought under the notice of English ...