Input-process-output (I-P-O) is a structured methodology for capturing and visualizing all of the inputs, outputs, and ...

In addition, many emerging tools, especially AI-based ones, can improve the process. To find out more about ongoing advances in developing cell lines for protein expression, GEN talked with three ...

Desensitize and Control Your Product or Process Output Variation. We want to focus our time and apply our resources to those input variables that desensitize and control our output variation.

For o4-mini, Flex brings the price down to $0.55 per million input tokens and $2.20 per million output tokens, from $1.10 per million input tokens and $4.40 per million output tokens.

Input tokens range from $0.07 to $0.55 depending on caching and time of day, while output ranges from $1.10 to $2.19. Discounted rates during off-peak hours bring prices down even further, to as ...

Many signaling proteins are built from simple, modular components, yet display highly complex signal-processing behavior. Here we explore how modular domains can be used to build an ultrasensitive ...

GPT-4.5 costs $75 per million input tokens and $150 per million output tokens through the API, compared to GPT-4o's $2.50 per million input tokens and $10 per million output tokens.