Unlike GPT, BERT looks at the context from both directions ... transformers manage context from past and future input using an encoder-decoder structure. BERT learns to understand the context ...

The following year, Google released bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT), which could ... such the GPT family, are decoder only. Encoder-decoder models combine ...

But not all transformer applications require both the encoder and decoder module. For example, the GPT family of large language models uses stacks of decoder modules to generate text. BERT ...

The Zoo of Transformer Models: BERT and GPT As encoder-decoder models such as the T5 model are very large and hard to train due to a lack of aligned training data, a variety of cut-down models ...

AI research institutes Answer.AI and LightOn have developed ModernBERT, an improved version of Google's natural language processing model BERT ... Decoder-only models can perform similarly to ...

But foundational and large language models have limitations. GPT-3, BERT, and DALL·E 2 garnered gushing headlines, but models like these deserve scrutiny. The Stanford Institute for Human-Centered ...