This paper investigates the commonly used asynchronous sigma-delta modulator, which consists of a Schmitt trigger and a continuous-time loop filter. A detailed analysis is presented to accurately ...

This modulation method is similar to delta modulation except that the step size is variable according to the input signal in Adaptive Delta Modulation whereas it is a fixed value in delta modulation.

The design process involved the following steps: Circuit Simulation: The circuit was simulated in LTspice software.; PCB Design: Schematic and layout routing were completed using PCB design ...

He’s broken down the modulation and demodulation circuits into their basic op-amp stages with examples of what the signal should look like on a scope after each stage. That’s the beauty here.

This demodulator is suitable for the quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulator previously published by the same author, "Novel Low-Cost QPSK Modulator Needs No Adjustments" (electronic design ...

The CS5373A is a low power, high performance, fourth-order delta-sigma modulator and test DAC integrated circuit. It features extremely small footprint and bipolar power supply configuration with low ...

This circuit should be considered as more of an experimental circuit for AM demodulation, than as a practical application. In the associated ‘AM modulator’ we have raised the problems caused by mains ...