Fundamental to all wireless communications is modulation ... diagram in Figure 3b shows the same information. QPSK is very spectrally efficient since each carrier phase represents two bits of data.

The more unique conditions that can reliably travel from a transmitter to a receiver, the more data you can send in ... but quadrature modulation is normally implemented in a system with a block ...

Emerging, data-intensive technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning are gaining popularity. Data centers, which act as the essential infrastructure for these technologies, need to ...

In this channel, we might like to send a different bit pattern, say 0101100 (see data stream L in the Figure 1). But there’s a downside to this approach, which is that we now need two transmitters, ...