Until the recent discovery, t he world’s oldest manuscript of the Confucian Analects originated from the Song Dynasty between the end of the 12th century and early 13th century.

Paul Crowe's primary area of research is Song (960–1279) and Yuan (1279–1368) dynasty traditions of self-cultivation with a focus on Golden Elixir alchemy (Jīndān 金丹). This necessarily entails study ...