Long story short: functions need prior declaration in C, and your “.ino” code defines setup() and loop() but never declares them. So that’s one thing that the Arduino IDE does for you.

In this labsson, we will continue with Arduino programming by introducing coding concepts such as variables, loops, and conditional statements. Furthermore, we will apply these concepts in a practical ...

Apart from the arduino-esp32 conponent parameters, we have added the ARDUINO_LOOP_HZ parameter to determine how often the loop() function will be invoked from the FreeRTOS task which calls it.

The design, virtual prototyping and hardware implementation of a DC-DC converter targeted for converting 12 V from the lead acid battery to 5 V for feeding all the DC loads in a residential system is ...

Also, the virtual prototyping for this converter is implemented in MATLAB to mimic the digital controller's function. Another highlight of this paper is owed to the use of Arduino UNO for this purpose ...